A longitude is an angle from the prime merdian, measured to the east longitudes to the west are negative. Latitudes measure an angle up from the equator latitudes to the south are negative. Figure 1. With an angle of longitude and an angle of latitude, we can locate any point on the surface of the earth. You've seen lines running across maps your whole life and may not have noticed them. The lines running North to South are called "Meridians" or "lines of longitude" Figure 2 , while the lines running East to West are called "Parallels" or "lines of latitude" Figure 3.
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Text on this page is printable and can be used according to our Terms of Service. Any interactives on this page can only be played while you are visiting our website. You cannot download interactives. Students use latitude, longitude, and research on characteristics of different states and regions to solve a puzzle. Students look at lines of latitude and longitude on a world map, predict temperature patterns, and then compare their predictions to actual temperature data on an interactive map.
They discuss how temperatures vary with latitude and the relationship between latitude and general climate patterns. Join our community of educators and receive the latest information on National Geographic's resources for you and your students. Skip to content. Twitter Facebook Pinterest Google Classroom. Informal Assessment Have students use the outline maps of the United States and the world to identify: states in the U.
Learning Objectives Students will: explain why lines of latitude and longitude might be helpful determine the latitude and longitude of their town and other places in the country find cities with the same latitude and describe their locations find landmarks with the same longitude and describe their locations.
Teaching Approach Learning-for-use. Teaching Methods Discussions Hands-on learning Modeling. Connections to National Standards, Principles, and Practices National Geography Standards Standard 1 : How to use maps and other geographic representations, geospatial technologies, and spatial thinking to understand and communicate information. Resources Provided The resources are also available at the top of the page. Find celestial objects in the sky. In addition to the Equator, there are four other major latitudes that are usually found on maps and globes.
The positions of these latitudes are determined by the Earth's axial tilt. All locations falling north of this latitude are said to be in the Arctic Circle.
Any locations falling south of this latitude are said to be in the Antarctic Circle. Places in both the Arctic and Antarctic circles experience the Midnight Sun and polar night. It marks the northern-most position on the Earth, where the Sun is directly overhead at least once a year. It is the southern-most position on the globe, where the Sun is directly overhead during the December Solstice. Sometimes, latitudes north of the Equator are denoted by a positive sign.
Latitudes south of the Equator are given negative values. This eliminates the need to add whether the specified latitude is north or south of the Equator. Longitudes are geographical positioning markers that run from the geographical North Pole to the geographical South Pole, intersecting the Equator.
They meet at both Poles, and specify the east-west position of a location. Longitudes are, therefore, imaginary circles that intersect the North and South Poles and the Equator. Half of a longitudinal circle is known as a Meridian.
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